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Treatments For ADD – Drugs and Counselling Treatment options for ADD include counseling and medication. Both are essential to test to determine which is more efficient. People suffering from classic ADD tend to be inattentional and unorganized, aswell being hyperactive. They have low blood flow in their prefrontal cortex, the basal Ganglia and the thalamus. They also have low levels of dopamine. Treatment usually involves increasing the levels of dopamine. Stimulants Stimulants stimulate the body's systems. They are legally available as prescription medications, such as amphetamines (Adder-all and Dexedrine) and the methylphenidates (Concerta and Ritalin) and diet aids like Didrex, Bontril and Fastin; and illegally used frequently mixed with other substances, such as cocaine and methcathinone (crack). They are available in the form of liquids, pills, syrups or patches. They boost the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine within the brain's synapses. This improves concentration. They also reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity and enhance working memory. They are the most commonly prescribed medication for adults suffering from ADHD. They can cause adverse effects such as decreased appetite or difficulty sleeping, and an increase in heart rate or bloodpressure. They can interfere with some medical and pharmaceutical treatments Therefore, it's crucial to discuss any concerns with your doctor. About 70% to 80% people who take ADHD medications will notice a reduction in symptoms. Not all people respond the same way to the medication and the effects may not last for long. Some people don't like stimulants or can't tolerate their negative effects. In this situation doctors may prescribe nonstimulant drugs. These drugs might not be as efficient as stimulants, however they can improve concentration and focus and control impulses. Doctors sometimes prescribe these along with stimulants to increase their effectiveness. Nonstimulant medications are more difficult to use and aren't as effective. They affect neurotransmitters in a different way than stimulants and don't increase dopamine levels in the brain. Examples include the atomoxetine (clonidine) as well as guanfacine and the clonidine. The most frequent side effect of these medications is the feeling of drowsiness. However it is possible to reduce drowsiness by increasing the dosage or taking them at bedtime. The drowsiness should diminish within several weeks after starting treatment. Antidepressants Most antidepressants alter chemicals in the brain, called neurotransmitters. They are classified according to the way they affect neurotransmitters, with each group having medications that act in slightly different ways. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), atypical antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). A health care provider might suggest you start taking a medication from one of these groups to reduce anxiety and depression symptoms. These medications might not provide immediate relief, since it can take weeks before you feel the full benefits. You and your doctor will determine which medication is best for you. They may add additional medications or combine two antidepressants in order to improve your treatment. This is known as augmentation. The most commonly used augmentation drugs are aripiprazole (Abilify) as well as quetiapine (Seroquel) and lithium (Lithobid). Different antidepressants have distinct adverse effects. You should discuss these side effects with your doctor since they could cause problems in your daily activities. These side effects could be mild or serious dependent on the type of antidepressant that you are taking. Inform your doctor if you're taking any other medications, such as herbal remedies or over-the-counter medications like St. John's Wort. SSRIs have been proven to have fewer adverse effects than other antidepressants. The SSRIs include fluoxetine (Prozac), paraxetine (Paxil and Pexeva) and sertraline (Zoloft). Suggested Reading increase the levels of both serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. This is the reason SNRIs are regarded as more efficient than SSRIs. They also have a longer half-life than SSRIs and are less likely to interact with other medications. SNRIs include duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine, (Effexor). Atypical antidepressants are used for their energizing effects and help you feel more alert. They are beneficial for those suffering from insomnia or severe anxiety. Bupropion (Wellbutrin and Zyban) and mirtazapine are two of the most popular. These medications can cause jitteriness or insomnia but they can be helpful for those suffering from depression, ADHD, and anxiety. They are also used to treat bulimia and for smoking cessation. Cognitive behavioural therapy Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for mental health disorders. It is based on the notion that thoughts, feelings and actions are interconnected and can be changed. CBT is a short-term, goal-oriented procedure which can help you develop new methods to manage negative thoughts and stressors. It can be used to treat depression, bipolar disorder and anxiety. CBT is designed to transform negative thoughts and feelings into positive feelings or behaviours. It is a combination of two therapies, cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. It's a form of psychotherapy that's usually short-term and can be performed in a group or individual setting. The therapist will instruct you on different techniques, and you'll be able to apply them in your daily life. Some of these techniques include the ability to recognize negative thoughts, practicing mindfulness meditation and keeping a mental journal. A therapist will also help you identify the negative thoughts that cause ineffective behaviors, and then teach you strategies for changing these beliefs. They will also help you learn how to tackle issues that arise in your daily life. CBT therapists will also guide you to establish SMART goals (specific, measurable, attainable relevant, time-based, and relevant) to make it easier to track your progress. While each kind of cognitive behavioral therapy employs an entirely different approach but they all are focused on identifying the underlying thoughts that cause emotional distress and changing them. The therapists use a variety of techniques, but the majority are based on the concepts of operant and classical conditioning, which involves associating events with their effects. In treatment you will be awarded for working through tasks. You will also be punished when you fail to complete them. In your first few sessions together, your therapist and you will look for problematic behaviors and replace them with healthy ones. You might be given homework to help you build the abilities. Depending on the degree of your illness you could require between 6 and 20 one-on-one sessions. CBT can be utilized to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). It can also be effective in treating adult ADHD, a condition that affects people as young seven. Counseling Counselling is a kind of psychotherapy that uses regular, scheduled meetings with a therapist to talk about your issues. Usually these sessions last for approximately 50 minutes and can be face to face or in groups. They can also be conducted over the telephone. Counselling can aid people suffering from many mental health issues like schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder. Counselling can be used to discuss friendship, family, and relationship issues, as well as work-related issues. A counselor will listen attentively to your problems and offer an objective perspective. They will be able to identify patterns of behaviour and suggest ways you can modify them. They can teach you techniques and coping techniques to manage anxiety, stress or depression. They can assist you in adapting to major life changes like divorce or loss of loved ones. They can also help you learn how to deal with addictions or chronic illnesses. Some counsellors charge for their services while others are covered by Medicare rebates in the event that you have mental health plans from your doctor.